September 29 coronavirus news

Team doctors have traced an outbreak of Covid-19 on the Notre Dame football team to two specific events, including a pregame meal, head coach Brian Kelly said Tuesday.

The University of Notre Dame announced Monday that 18 players had tested positive for the virus. Kelly told ESPN the team doctors are the ones who traced the infection to their game against South Florida 10 days ago.

Ahead of the September 19 blowout win, the team congregated for a pregame meal, and during the game, one player was treated for dehydration after throwing up on the sideline. That player later tested positive for coronavirus, according to Kelly.

"Throughout our entire time together, we had not had one meal where we sat down together. Everything was grab and go," Kelly told said.

Stemming from their recent testing results, Notre Dame said Monday that 25 football players were in isolation with 14 others in quarantine.

"Shifting sands": After the sideline incident in the South Florida game, Kelly disclosed the challenges of containing the virus.

"We have to think about giving antigen tests on the sidelines for stuff that we never thought of," he said. "That's the kind of shifting sands in this whole thing, learning in-game what do you do, what don't you do."

The positive tests forced the Fighting Irish to postpone last Saturday's game against Wake Forest University. The team's next game is scheduled for October 10 against Florida State University at home in South Bend, Indiana.

Nevada Gov. Steve Sisolak on Tuesday announced a major loosening of the state’s public gathering rules to curb the spread of coronavirus.

From Thursday: The limit on public gatherings in the state will be raised from 50 people to 250 participants; the new limit will not include the support staff needed to put on the event. Gatherings will still be capped at 50% of a venue’s normal capacity.

Additionally, venues with more than 2,500 seats will be allowed to hold even larger events. However, they will be capped at 10% capacity, and the venue must be divided into sections which each have no more than 250 people.

Sisolak said the change is possible because Covid-19 positivity rates and hospitalizations in Nevada have gone down substantially since August, despite a small uptick in the past week. “We maintain the flexibility to dial some of these things back,” if there is another surge, Sisolak said.

"Open for business": The governor acknowledged Nevada is trying to convince major event organizers to return to Las Vegas, even though some other states now have more lenient health restrictions. “Nevada is not only open for business, we plan to be open for the long-term,” Sisolak said. “We are focusing on your safety.”

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is preparing to post new guidance Wednesday on a no sail order for cruise ships, a federal health official tells CNN.

The official told CNN the guidance will extend an order first issued in March through October. The official said CDC Director Dr. Robert Redfield failed to convince the White House to extend it into next year.

The federal official declined to offer details about the new order. Axios first reported the news. 

The CDC last extended the guidance on July 23, according to its website.

Several outbreaks of coronavirus spread on cruise ships.

“The CDC Director has reason to believe that cruise ship travel may continue to introduce, transmit, or spread COVID-19,” the original order reads. “As such, the CDC Director issued a No Sail Order for cruise ships effective March 14, 2020.”

Kids need to be back in school in areas where the virus is not spreading badly, Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said Tuesday.

“The default position should be that we should always try to get the children back to school because of the well-known deleterious consequences of children not being allowed to go back to school,” Fauci said at the Texas Tribune Festival. 

Fauci said those living in areas where there’s little spread and low case numbers can send their children back to school with more confidence than those living in areas of the US where Covid-19 cases and deaths are higher.

“We must always make primary consideration the health, the safety and the welfare of the children, of the teachers and of those associated with it,” Fauci said. “So, the risk of going back is really dependent on where you are.”

Fauci has said before that the United States is so large and diverse that decisions related to coronavirus must be made on a state and a local level based on the spread of the virus in communities and neighborhoods. 

He called for hybrid learning involving in-person and online classes, depending on the spread of the virus in a community and other mitigation efforts, such as alternating classroom days, mask usage and protecting teachers who fall into high risk categories.

Parents and teachers will ultimately make up their own minds about whether to send children back in to school buildings, Fauci said.

“The bottom-line answer is always try to the best of your capability of getting the kids back to school, but there's no one size fits all,” he said. “You've got to look at the relative risk to the children in the particular area, county, city, state, that you happen to live.”

 

A Covid-19 vaccine developed by the biotechnology company Moderna in partnership with the National Institutes of Health has been tested in older adults and found to safely elicit an immune response in that age group, according to preliminary data.

"The immune response to many other vaccines has been shown to decrease with increasing age. Thus, the testing of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates in older populations is of paramount importance, since these persons account for the majority of serious Covid-19 cases and associated deaths," the NIH-led researchers wrote in the study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine on Tuesday. SARS-CoV-2 is the name of the coronavirus that causes Covid-19.

Moderna expanded a Phase 1 clinical trial of its vaccine, called mRNA-1273, to include 40 participants ages 56 and older. The participants enrolled in the trial between April 16 and May 12. They were given two doses of either 25 micrograms or 100 micrograms of vaccine, 28 days apart.

The trial — conducted at sites in Seattle, Atlanta and Bethesda, Maryland — found that adverse events from the vaccine were mostly mild or moderate and included fatigue, chills, headache, muscle pain and pain at the injection site. Those events were more common after the second dose of vaccine, according to the study.

One participant developed a nail infection and rash, and another had hypoglycemia or low blood sugar — but the researchers noted that those were considered not related to vaccination.

Overall, the preliminary findings showed that a two-dose vaccine series in older adults had "an acceptable safety" profile and the 100 microgram dose induced a greater immune response than the 25 microgram dose, which the researchers noted supports the idea to continue testing the vaccine at the 100-microgram dose level and as a two-dose regimen in a Phase 3 trial. 

The researchers also noted that they did not observe "systematic differences" between the older adults in this study and the younger adults, ages 18 to 55, in their original trial. But it’s not clear if the antibody responses seen in the volunteers indicate they are protected from infection, the researchers said.

More research is needed to determine whether similar findings would emerge among a larger and more diverse group of participants. Moderna is testing its vaccine in an advanced, Phase 3 trial that’s expected to include 30,000 volunteers.

The United States was unprepared for the deadly coronavirus pandemic because its pandemic plan was based on an influenza model, Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said Tuesday at the Texas Tribune Festival.

“We got hit and have been hit very badly now with 200,000 deaths and about 7 million infections in the United States – certainly disproportionately,” Fauci said.

“It shows you a couple of things,” he said. “Pandemic preparedness that we have done prior to this, for which we were given accolades for as a country how well prepared we were, were really based on an influenza model,” Fauci said, adding that public health experts were ready to fight a virus that spread mostly when people already had symptoms.

Early in the pandemic, Fauci and others said that epidemics of respiratory disease were spread mostly by people who have symptoms. It’s clear now that the novel coronavirus is often spread by people who have no symptoms. That makes it harder to fight.

It’s not an excuse, Fauci added. It’s just an explanation of why the US is seeing about 40,000 infections a day and as many as 1,000 daily deaths.

Disney is laying off 28,000 US employees at its theme parks as the coronavirus pandemic hammers its theme park business.  

The layoffs will hit the company's Parks, Experiences and Products, the company said on Tuesday. 

Disney added that 67% of the employees laid off will be part-time workers. 

 

Canadian public health officials say they are increasingly concerned about the "acceleration" of Covid-19 in Canada but say it is not yet time for nationwide restrictions or lockdowns. 

“The fact that cases are now at the same level as during the initial peak is worrisome but at the same time there are clear differences in the epidemiology with younger age groups predominating among cases and we are testing and detecting more,” said Canada's Chief Public Health Officer Dr. Theresa Tam.

Tam said this is a crucial moment for the country, especially in Ontario and Quebec. She warned Canadians that they need to cut down on social contacts as contact tracing is becoming more difficult and community transmission grows. 

“This means the daily case count has now reached the peak of daily cases seen in April and the average daily case count has increased to 1,412 cases being reported during the most recent seven days,” Tam said.

According to Canadian government data, there are now more than 14,000 active Covid-19 cases across the country with daily, average case counts doubling in just over two weeks. 

Several populous counties in California are being allowed to reopen further as they move into less restrictive tiers, Health Secretary Dr. Mark Ghaly announced Tuesday.

Sacramento, Fresno and Santa Barbara are among seven counties moving from the most restrictive purple tier into the next level, red. In the red tier, which indicates a substantial spread of infection, churches, museums, and movie theaters are allowed to reopen.

San Francisco moves from the red to orange tier, which shows a moderate infection rate, along with Amador and Calaveras counties. Bars, wineries, bowling alleys, and offices will now be allowed to reopen in those areas.

California has four tiers based on metrics including case rate and tests positivity over a number of consecutive weeks. Ghaly said that the state will be soon adding a health equity metric as well.

On the heels of a letter signed by 19 California legislators urging the reopening of theme parks, Ghaly echoed Gov. Gavin Newsom’s promise that new guidelines are coming soon.

“We’re working hard to get that out in a responsible way as soon as possible,” Ghaly said. “We are working with those industries to put out something that’s thoughtful, allows us to follow our framework in strong way, and really following those principals of slow and stringent to ensure those large activities are done responsibly. So, not quite yet, but we’re getting close.”