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Pope Francis waves as he leaves his weekly general audience on June 7, 2023 at St. Peter's Square.
Rome CNN  — 

Pope Francis underwent a successful, three-hour operation on his abdomen, the Vatican said Wednesday, after renewed fears over the 86-year-old’s fragile health.

There were no reported complications, the Vatican said. It had earlier said the pope would remain in the hospital for several days.

Francis reacted well to the surgery and to the anesthesia, and had already made a joke since, according to one of the doctors involved in the procedure.

“He has been in pain. This wasn’t an urgent surgery …. He continued to feel the pain, so a surgery was decided yesterday,” Dr. Sergio Alfieri said at a press conference in Rome.

“Other pathologies or illnesses were not found,” Alfieri said, adding that the pope has resumed his work from hospital.

“Now he is awake, he is fine, and he is already at work.” Francis will remain in the hospital for around 10 days for recovery, the doctor said.

On Thursday, the Vatican spokesperson, Matteo Bruni, said “the night went well” following the surgery and that more information would be released later in the day, according to an official statement on the Vatican’s press office Telegram account.

The pope was forced to cancel several work commitments in late May after he was debilitated by a fever. He was also hospitalized in March for bronchitis but responded well to antibiotics. Leaving hospital on that occasion, Francis joked that he’s “still alive.”

Technically called a laparotomy, Wednesday’s procedure involves general anesthesia and is intended to repair a hernia that the Vatican said was causing “recurrent, painful and worsening” symptoms.

According to medical sources, the intervention is likely related to the surgery Francis experienced in 2021 to remove half of his colon.

Bruni said before the procedure that the pope was expected to make a “full functional recovery.” The Prefecture of the Papal Household said all of Francis’ audiences have been canceled until June 18.

Francis left for hospital on Wednesday after his general audience at St. Peter’s Square, where he stopped to chat with members of the crowd, Reuters reported. The pope then traveled to Rome’s Gemelli Hospital, which has a 10th-floor suite reserved for popes, according to Reuters.

Tourists and members of the faithful at the Vatican told CNN they were “praying for Pope Francis,” as he left for the Italian capital.

“I went to the audience today and saw the pope. Then we heard the mass and the priest said to say a prayer for the pope. We are praying for Pope Francis now,” Sister Annatuli, 40, said.

Carina, 30, said she had traveled from Mexico to visit her aunt, who is a nun in Rome. “I can comprehend how serious this is. It’s difficult because so many people are devoted to him and the church.

“We hope that he will recover.”

In addition to his colon surgery two years ago, Francis had part of one lung removed after a severe bout of pneumonia as a young man. More recently, in 2019, he underwent ocular surgery at Rome’s Clinic of Pius XI to treat a cataract. He has also struggled with chronic sciatica pain.

Over the past year, he experienced knee troubles that have largely confined him to the use of a cane or a wheelchair.

Should Francis be incapacitated for any length of time, the Vatican could find itself facing something of a constitutional crisis. There is no “vice pope” in the Catholic system, meaning someone who can exercise the pope’s authority in his absence.

The Vatican’s secretary of state, currently Italian Cardinal Pietro Parolin, can oversee routine day-to-day management, but he has no authority, for example, to appoint bishops or to create or suppress dioceses around the world.

Resignation letter was prepared

In an interview with Spanish daily ABC in December, Francis said he had already prepared a letter of resignation in the case of permanent medical incapacity shortly after his election in 2013.

Francis said he wrote the letter several years ago and gave it to then-Vatican Secretary of State Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, who resigned in 2013.

In his first public comments about the letter’s existence, the pope was quoted as saying: “I have already signed my renunciation. The Secretary of State at the time was Tarcisio Bertone. I signed it and said: ‘If I should become impaired for medical reasons or whatever, here is my renunciation.’”

In 2013, Francis’ immediate predecessor, the late Pope Benedict XVI, made the almost unprecedented decision to resign from his position, citing “advanced age” as the reason and startling the Catholic world.

It marked the first time a pope had stepped down in nearly 600 years. The last pope to step down before his death was Gregory XII, who in 1415 quit to end a civil war within the church in which more than one man claimed to be pope.

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Pope Francis waves as he arrives at St. Peter's Square in the Vatican in March 2023.
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Francis, seen at left with his brother Oscar, was born on December 17, 1936. He was the eldest child of Mario and Regina Bergoglio, Italian immigrants in Argentina.
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Francis as a young boy.
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Francis with his parents in 1958.
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Francis was ordained as a priest in 1969. In high school, he studied to become a chemical technician.
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Francis poses for a photo during an Easter procession in 2000. A couple of years earlier he had become the archbishop of Buenos Aires.
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In 2001, Francis was made a cardinal by Pope John Paul II.
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Francis greets parishioners in Buenos Aires.
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The future pope washes a woman's feet at a maternity hospital in Buenos Aires in 2005.
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Francis meets Pope Benedict XVI, the man he would eventually succeed, while on a trip to the Vatican in 2007.
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Francis takes public transportation before celebrating Mass in Buenos Aires in 2008. As archbishop of Buenos Aires, Bergoglio took the bus to work and cooked his own meals.
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Francis holds Mass outside a church in Buenos Aires in 2009.
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Francis gives holy communion to Roberto Bendini, Argentina's former army chief, in 2009.
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Francis waves to the crowd from the balcony of St. Peter's Basilica after he was elected as the 266th pope on March 13, 2013. Benedict XVI had announced his retirement a month earlier, citing his "advanced age."
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People watch the new Pope after he was introduced at the Vatican. In addition to being the first Latin American pope and the first from the Americas, Francis is also the first Jesuit pope. He's also the first non-European pope in more than 1,000 years.
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A day after his election, the Pope pays his lodging bill at the Paulus VI, where he stayed during conclave.
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The Pope answers reporters' questions while flying back from a trip to Brazil in July 2013. During the impromptu news conference, the Pope said that he would not "judge" gays and lesbians, including gay priests. "If someone is gay and he searches for the Lord and has good will, who am I to judge?" he said. Many saw the move as the opening of a more tolerant era in the Catholic Church.
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In November 2013, the Pope dons a red nose with members of the Rainbow Association Marco Iagulli Onlus. The charity uses clown therapy in hospitals, nursing homes and orphanages.
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Francis was named Time magazine's Person of the Year in 2013.
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The Pope is presented with a gift by Argentine President Cristina Fernández during a private audience at the Vatican in March 2014.
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Britain's Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip have an audience with the Pope during their one-day visit to Rome in April 2014.
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A balloon flies past the Pope during his general audience in St Peter's Square in May 2014.
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The Pope signs a guestbook while meeting with bishops in Seoul, South Korea, in August 2014.
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Francis waves to the faithful during a weekly audience at the Vatican in October 2014.
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The Pope kisses a girl during a special audience at the Vatican in November 2014.
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Francis blows out candles on a cake as he celebrated his 78th birthday in December 2014.
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Pope Francis prays on the floor of St. Peter's Basilica while observing Good Friday in April 2015.
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People in Quito, Ecuador, gather near a huge video screen broadcasting the Pope's visit to the city in July 2015.
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Francis shakes hands with former Cuban leader Fidel Castro in September 2015. During his trip to Cuba, the Pope praised the reconciliations taking place between Cuba and the United States.
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The Pope talks with US President Barack Obama while visiting the White House in September 2015. It was the fourth time a pope had visited the United States.
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Francis addresses a joint session of the US Congress in September 2015.
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The Pope waves to a crowd from the US Capitol in September 2015.
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Francis arrives to speak to the UN General Assembly in September 2015.
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The Pope celebrates Mass at New York's Madison Square Garden during his trip to the United States.
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The Pope kisses a baby at the Vatican in October 2015.
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Francis tries on a traditional sombrero he received as a gift from a Mexican journalist while on a flight to the country in February 2016.
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The Pope releases a dove as a symbol of peace while in Tbilisi, Georgia, in September 2016.
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Francis and a group of cardinals meet with Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI in a chapel at the Vatican in November 2016.
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The Pope poses with members of the International Rural Catholic Association while at the Vatican in December 2016.
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Francis leads the Way of the Cross torchlight procession in front of the Colosseum in Rome in March 2018.
Andrew Medichini/AP
The Pope is greeted by a group of nuns at the Vatican in August 2018.
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Francis arrives with the "popemobile" in St. Peter's Square in October 2018.
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Francis celebrates Mass as seven new saints were recognized in October 2018.
Andrew Medichini/AP
Pope Francis is framed by cell phones as he greets people at the Vatican in January 2019.
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The Pope celebrates Mass in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, in February 2019. It was the first time a pope has visited an Arab Gulf state, and it was the first time a pope had celebrated Mass in the Arabian Peninsula, the birthplace of Islam.
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The Pope attends a conference in Naples, Italy, in June 2019.
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Francis receives Russian President Vladimir Putin and his delegation in July 2019.
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The Pope walks with cardinals during a Palm Sunday Mass in April 2019.
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The Pope greets people at the Vatican in September 2019.
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The Pope delivers a speech during a meeting of religious leaders at a university in Bangkok, Thailand, in November 2019. Thailand was the start of a seven-day Asia trip that also saw the Pope visit Japan.
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The Pope walks out from Assumption Cathedral as young people reach out to touch him in Bangkok.
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The Pope delivers his weekly blessing from the window of his private library in March 2020. St. Peter's Square is normally swarming with tens of thousands of visitors, but the Vatican was on lockdown because of the coronavirus pandemic.
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The Pope prays with priests in a Vatican courtyard in September 2020.
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The Pope celebrates Easter Mass in April 2021.
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Francis shakes hands with a man dressed as Spider-Man while visiting with people at the Vatican in June 2021. The masked man, who works with sick children in hospitals, also gave a Spider-Man mask to the Pope.
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The Pope holds Mass at the Vatican in September 2021.
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People take pictures of Pope Francis at the Vatican in November 2021.
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The Pope boards a flight to Malta in April 2022.
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The Pope shows a flag that was brought to him from Bucha, Ukraine, during one of his general audiences at the Vatican in April 2022.
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Francis greets US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi as he leads Mass at the Vatican in June 2022.
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The Pope leads a prayer from his window at the Vatican in June 2022.
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The Pope speaks with Bahrain's King Hamad bin Isa al-Khalifa during their meeting in Awali, Bahrain, in November 2022.
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The Pope leaves Ndjili International Airport to attend a meeting in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, in January 2023. Francis' visit to the DRC — the first papal visit since 1985 — was part of a six-day trip that also included South Sudan. In those two countries, Catholics comprise about half of the population and the Church is a key stakeholder in health and education systems as well as in democracy-building efforts.
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The Pope leaves Palm Sunday Mass at St. Peter's Square in April 2023. It was a day after he was discharged from the hospital, where he was treated for a respiratory infection.
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Pope Francis meets with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky at the Vatican in May 2023. It was the first face-to-face meeting between Zelensky and the Pope since Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022. The Pope has been outspoken in his support for an end to the war.
Andreas Solaro/AFP/Getty Images
The Pope waves to people in St. Peter's Square in June 2023. He was on his way to a Rome hospital for abdominal surgery. The procedure was to repair a hernia that the Vatican said was causing "recurrent, painful and worsening" symptoms.
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Pope Francis is welcomed by Portuguese President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa after landing in Lisbon, Portugal, to attend a World Youth Day gathering in August 2023.
Carlos Garcia Rawlins/Reuters
Pope Francis greets a child during a welcoming ceremony in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, in September 2023.
Andrew Medichini/AP
Pope Francis appears on a giant monitor set up in the Vatican's St. Peter's Square in December 2023. Francis led his customary Angelus prayer from his home rather than from the window of the Vatican's Apostolic Palace overlooking the square. He was suffering from what he described as "severe bronchitis," and he was avoiding being exposed to the cold weather.
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The Pope drinks mate offered by Argentinian pilgrims who were visiting the Vatican in January 2024.
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Pope Francis arrives for his weekly general audience in February 2024. He was later taken to the hospital with flu symptoms.
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Pope Francis takes part in a working session on artificial intelligence during the G7 summit near Bari, Italy, in June 2024. Francis, the first pope to participate in the summit, is determined to use the soft power of his office to try to ensure that the development of AI serves humanity and does not turn into a 21st-century Frankenstein's monster.
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Indonesia's President Joko Widodo and Pope Francis watch as the honor guards march past during a ceremonial welcome at the Presidential Palace in Jakarta, Indonesia, on September 4, 2024.
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Pope Francis greets people from a car after leading a Holy Mass at the Esplanade of Tasi Tolu in Dili, East Timor, on September 10, 2024.

The pope has positioned himself as a more progressive leader than his predecessors during his decade-long tenure.

In 2016, he urged priests around the world to be more accepting of LGBTQ communities, but later walked back on comments declaring support for civil union for same-sex couples.

He has made historic visits to Myanmar and Iraq, and was also the first pontiff to celebrate Mass in the Arabian Peninsula, the birthplace of Islam, in 2019. The pope has also been a vocal supporter for peace in Ukraine.

Francis has also taken steps to crack down on clerical sexual abuse, an issue the Catholic Church has been plagued by in several countries around the world.

CNN’s Delia Gallagher, Xiaofei Xu, Rob Picheta and Sophie Tanno contributed reporting.