Elizabeth Warren to Fed chair Jerome Powell: Don't 'drive this economy off a cliff'

(CNN) Fed Chairman Jerome Powell conceded that the Federal Reserve's aggressive interest rate hikes won't solve two of the biggest problems facing families: high prices for gas and groceries.

During a Senate Banking Committee hearing Wednesday, Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren urged Powell to proceed with rate hikes cautiously and avoid setting off a recession that costs millions of jobs.

Warren asked Powell if Fed rate increases will lower gas prices, which have hit record highs this month.

"I would not think so," Powell said.

Warren asked if grocery prices will go down because of the Fed's war on inflation.

"I wouldn't say so, no," Powell said.

Warren expressed concern about the impact of the Fed's rate hikes on families and the risk of a recession.

"Rate hikes won't make Vladimir Putin turn his tanks around and leave Ukraine," Warren said, adding that they won't break up corporate monopolies or stop Covid-19.

Warren said that rate hikes will, however, raise borrowing costs on families and could cause job losses.

"Inflation is like an illness and the medicine needs to be tailored to the specific problem, otherwise you could make things a lot worse," Warren said. "Right now, the Fed has no control over the main drivers of rising prices but the Fed can slow demand by getting a lot of people fired and making families poorer."

The Massachusetts Democrat urged Powell to proceed cautiously with further rate hikes.

"You know what's worse than high inflation and low unemployment? It's high inflation with a recession and millions of people out of work," Warren said. "I hope you consider that before you drive this economy off a cliff."

Senators from both sides of the aisle sought to blame rising inflation on a variety of factors, including the pandemic stimulus, wage growth and corporate prices increases. However, Powell declined to weigh in on any of those politically heated issues.

"I'm really focused on what we could do, which is shrink our balance sheet and raise interest rates and get supply and demand back into alignment and get inflation back down to 2%," he said.

Fed pledges to tame inflation

Powell acknowledged that the high cost of living is inflicting financial pain on Main Street and expressed confidence the US economy can ride out this difficult period.

"At the Fed, we understand the hardship high inflation is causing," Powell said in prepared remarks during the Senate Banking Committee hearing Wednesday. "We are strongly committed to bringing inflation back down, and we are moving expeditiously to do so."

Powell, whose remarks echoed ones he made last week at the Fed meeting, said officials plan to continue to raise interest rates to get inflation under control. The Fed's rate hike last week was its biggest since 1994.

"The American economy is very strong and well-positioned to handle tighter monetary policy," the Fed chair said.

Powell faces questions over why the Fed waited until March to raise interest rates and why it felt the need to accelerate the pace of rate hikes.

In his remarks, Powell noted that monetary policy requires a recognition that the economy often evolves in "unexpected" ways. He said supply constraints have been "larger and longer lasting" than anticipated and the war in Ukraine has driven up energy prices.

"Inflation has obviously surprised to the upside over the past year, and further surprises could be in store," Powell said. "We therefore need to be nimble in responding to incoming data and the evolving outlook."

Recession is 'certainly a possibility,' but not the goal

Asked if rate hikes could spark a downturn, Powell said that's "certainly a possibility," but stressed that is not the Fed's "intention."

Powell conceded though that the risks are rising.

"Frankly, the events over the last few months have made it more difficult for us to achieve what we want, which is 2% inflation and still a strong labor market," Powell said.

The Fed chief later said he doesn't think a recession will be needed to tame inflation.

"I don't think that we will need to provoke a recession, but we do think it's absolutely essential to restore price stability, really for the benefit of the labor market as much as anything else," he said.

Home prices should finally start stabilizing

Powell, whose policies have helped spark an historic housing boom, expects home price gains will ease because of surging mortgage rates.

He told lawmakers that the Fed's aggressive interest rate hikes are already slowing down the housing market, eating into demand for homes.

"Housing prices should stop going up at such remarkably rapid rates," Powell said. "Since the beginning of the pandemic, we've had a very, very hot...housing market all across the country. As demand for housing moderates...you should see prices stop going up."

One driver of surging home prices was extremely low borrowing costs and the Fed's purchase of hundreds of billions of dollars of mortgage bonds.

Although he expects prices to cool off, Powell cautioned that the Fed does not control the supply of homes and said homebuilders have warned of supply constraints. "That is not something the Federal Reserve can do anything about," he said.

Another complication is that rising mortgage rates -- which are spiking at the fastest pace since 1987 -- will hurt some people who wish to buy homes.

"There's some pain involved in that for people paying higher mortgage rates," Powell said. "Some people will be priced out of the mortgage market, but that is ultimately what needs to happen if we are to get back to price stability, to a place where people's wages aren't being eaten up by inflation...The greatest pain would be if we allowed this high inflation to continue."

Additional reporting by Alicia Wallace