(CNN) His side's surprise tactics caused anger and confusion throughout the rugby world, sparking chaos on the pitch and heated debate off it.
But Italy head coach Conor O'Shea says his team did "nothing wrong" during its Six Nations clash against England after employing strategies that effectively removed an integral element of the game.
"We've looked at other games and we looked at what had been done in the past, and we decided we were going to go for broke to get the ball back and win," O'Shea told CNN's World Sport show on Monday.
"We just played to the law. We're different and people like different, otherwise we wouldn't be here to talk about the England vs. Italy game at Twickenham."
The controversy started when Italian players deliberately avoided competing for the ball after making a tackle, meaning rucks were not formed. This meant there was no offside line, so the blue shirts of the Azzurri could stand among the opposition backline and prevent the ball being passed.
James Haskell was one of the England players frustrated by Italy's tactics
Initially, the England players were baffled. Flanker James Haskell asked referee Romaine Poite to clarify what he wanted to see for a ruck to be formed, to which the Frenchman responded: "I'm not a coach, I'm a referee."
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England went on to win the match 36-15 despite trailing at halftime, but coach Eddie Jones said Italy's strategy "wasn't rugby," quipping that fans who had paid to see the game should ask for their money back.
Former England scrumhalf Matt Dawson also criticized the tactic, saying Italy "ruined" the game and that World Rugby would "have to change the laws."
While O'Shea cautioned against altering the law as a "knee-jerk reaction" to the game, he admitted "it will be changed at some stage, but laws always are."
"It wasn't fair criticism. We were there to try and win a game of rugby, and we're the underdogs in all our games. We've decided now enough is enough and we're not going to lie down," the Irishman added.
"We had to be different and we have to do things differently. And we did nothing wrong, that's the bottom line."
O'Shea cited previous instances of teams using the tactic: Australia against Ireland in November, Wasps against Toulouse in the European Cup, and New Zealand provincial side Waikato Chiefs in the southern hemisphere's Super Rugby competition.
"When they do it, it's brilliant, it's tactical genius; when Italy do it, it's 'why are they doing that?'"
O'Shea added: "We're disappointed to lose because after 70 minutes we had given ourselves a chance of history. But we weren't able to see that out in the last 10 minutes. We didn't fit what the plan was for a few people yesterday: (to lose by) 70, 80 points."
Italy's 'long, hard road'
O'Shea, who won 35 caps for Ireland as a fullback before embarking on a coaching career, was appointed by Italy in March last year.
He's had mixed success so far. After leading the nation to its first ever victory over two-time world champion South Africa in November, his side suffered a surprise loss to Tonga the following week, its first against the Pacific Islanders since 1999.
Italy started the 2017 Six Nations with crushing defeats at home to Wales (33-7) and Ireland (63-10) but led 10-5 against defending champion England and was still in the game at 17-15 down before conceding three late tries at Twickenham.
2017 Six Nations guide
After the embarrassment of becoming the first host nation to be eliminated at the group stage of a World Cup, England bounced back from a disappointing 2015 by winning all five matches and securing its first Six Nations title since 2011.
Since taking over from Stuart Lancaster after the World Cup, former Australia and Japan coach Eddie Jones has guided largely the same squad of players to 13 successive victories. His only black eye so far came on the eve of the 2017 Six Nations tournament, which he first attributed to a slip in his bathroom -- and later a training accident.
The world's largest dedicated rugby venue has a capacity of 82,000 -- which helped the 2015 Six Nations record the highest average attendance of any sporting event on the planet,
according to a recent study. The London ground hosted the 2015 World Cup final between New Zealand and Australia (pictured).
If England wins all five matches in this Six Nations, it will not only defend its title and achieve another "Grand Slam" -- but also beat New Zealand's world record of 18 consecutive international wins. Stuart Lancaster's final game as coach, a win over Uruguay at the World Cup, started the run.
A 25-21 defeat at Twickenham in the penultimate round last year cost Wales a chance of winning its first Six Nations since 2013, having earlier drawn 16-16 with Ireland.
With head coach Warren Gatland (left) leading the British and Irish Lions' 2017 tour of New Zealand, assistant Rob Howley (right) will replace him for the Six Nations -- as he did four years ago when the New Zealander took the Lions to Australia.
Built for the 1999 Rugby World Cup, the 74,500-capacity ground was formerly known as the Millennium Stadium -- it was renamed last year. Wales wants to close the Cardiff stadium's retractable roof for its two home matches against England and Ireland -- but Six Nations organizers have not assented.
Gatland's team scored a tournament-leading 17 tries in 2016, and will have even more incentive this year. The Six Nations has followed other competitions by awarding a bonus point to teams that score four tries in a game, and also for losing by a margin of seven points or less. Points for a win or a draw have doubled to four and two respectively.
Last year, two-time defending champion Ireland started with a draw and defeats to France (10-9) and England (21-10) but bounced back with resounding wins to salvage some pride.
The New Zealander made the perfect start to his tenure with Six Nations titles in 2014 and 2015, but suffered a disappointing quarterfinal defeat to Argentina at the World Cup.
Built on the site of Irish rugby's former home Lansdowne Road, the 51,700-capacity Dublin ground -- with its distinctive continuous curved stands -- is jointly owned with the Football Association of Ireland.
Last year Scotland won two matches -- more than the two previous seasons combined. The 15-9 loss at home to "Auld Enemy" England was followed by a battling 27-23 defeat in Wales before wins against the two teams that would finish below the Scots in the table.
The New Zealander is returning to France in June, as the Scottish Rugby Union decided not to renew his three-year contract. He will be replaced by former Scotland international Gregor Townsend, who has impressed with club side Glasgow Warriors.
The Edinburgh ground has a capacity of 67,130 -- the largest in Scotland. It opened in 1925, when Scotland beat England to win its first Five Nations title.
The Scots will be looking to build on last year's results and win big matches -- though Cotter's team suffered another agonizing one-point defeat to Australia in November, bringing back memories of
the 2015 World Cup quarterfinal heartbreak. However, a first Six Nations title seems unlikely.
In a bid to encourage homegrown talent, France has decided it will no longer select players who don't have a French passport. However, it doesn't apply retroactively to those such as Fijian back Virimi Vakatawa (L) who have already represented Les Bleus.
The former France winger, 62, is hoping to emulate his outstanding results from 22 years in charge of club side Toulouse. He took over after the 2015 World Cup, and the team is still far from its past glories -- though close defeats to Australia and New Zealand in November gave some encouragement.
The 80,000-capacity ground, north of Paris in Saint-Denis, is the sixth largest in Europe. Also the host of soccer's 1998 World Cup, it will continue to host both sports after new French Rugby Federation president Bernard Laporte canceled his predecessor's plan to build a new $620 million stadium in Ris-Orangis, 35 km from the capital.
Les Bleus have won the tournament five times since its expansion to six teams at the turn of the millennium, but not since 2010. The team's fans will be hoping for a return to its glory days of free-flowing rugby, which has been replaced by a more dour, pragmatic style in recent years.
Since joining the tournament 16 years ago, Italy has received the dreaded "wooden spoon" as bottom team on 11 occasions. Last year it lost all five matches.
The former Ireland representative landed his first international job after last season's tournament, replacing Frenchman Jacques Brunel. O'Shea, 46, was previously with English Premiership teams London Irish and Harlequins.
The Azzurri moved to the the 73,000-capacity venue in 2012, after deciding to upgrade the much smaller Stadio Flaminio. However, that ground remains in a state of disrepair, while rugby's growth in Italy has brought bumper crowds to the national stadium -- which also hosts the capital's top soccer teams Roma and Lazio.
It has finished last 11 times since joining Europe's elite international rugby competition in 2000, but the tournament's CEO John Feehan said last week there's "no vacancy" for another team, either as a seventh participant or via a promotion-relegation system.
Georgia has won Europe's second-tier competition six years in a row and, at 12th, is two places ahead of Italy in the World Rugby rankings. The country's head coach Milton Haig told CNN his side would "add value" to the Six Nations on and off the field, and would be obvious candidates to join the tournament's format.
O'Shea confesses he has a "long, hard road ahead," but is also frustrated that his side isn't given the respect it deserves on the international stage.
"We beat South Africa in November, England beat South Africa in November -- England was brilliant and we played a bad South African side? It's one of those things that people want us to fit a uniform thought process in their heads.
"We want to try to instil in our players a mind-set that's not fixed, and that is a mind-set of growth because we have a hard, hard, hard job ahead to change perception and also to change Italian rugby.
"We know that there's going to be a road to play at the very highest level -- it's going to take time. Doing things like (Italy did against England) will show a lot of people that Italian rugby is about change. Thinking differently, you can actually change the status quo."
Divide and conquer?
Italy has a mountain to climb in order to avoid another winless Six Nations campaign, and another dreaded "wooden spoon" as bottom team.
The next game will be a tough home encounter against France on March 11, followed by a trip to Scotland.
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One thing will be on everyone's minds: Will O'Shea's side deploy the same divisive strategy that was so effective against England?
"We'll have to wait and see," he says.